Racial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement - 1239 Words

Giselle Cordero PSCI 246: Social Movements Outline Topic/Question: Have Black Lives Mattered? – Racial profiling in the justice system, increased incarceration of African Americans and the idea of â€Å"White Privilege† persists in the United States. 1. Introduction Even though America is the world dominating superpower and is known to intervene on behalf of the violation of human rights internationally, it fails to acknowledge and correct the flaws its legal and justice system present against its own citizens. African Americans have long been targeted by the police force and have been oppressed by the government before, as we are familiar with the Civil Rights Movement that occurred in 1955 due to segregation and discrimination. The system has justified racial profiling, specifically against African Americans, and granted those with authority the right to incarcerate or punish those they deem dangerous. The actions of the American government have given way to the increase incarceration of African Americans and have allowed white privilege to prevail in the justice system. The social movement Black Lives Matter, although recently acknowledged or recognized, is not based on a new issue but rather an old issue that is quickly reviving due to the i njustices Black Americans are facing. In short, social movements are known as politics through other means. They occur when people take to the streets in order to have their voices heard by authority and feel as if they are unable toShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement1065 Words   |  5 PagesWhen thinking about racism, it feels like it is a thing of the past, but it’s not. There are numerous people who are racist in law enforcement and that is demonstrated through racial profiling. Racial profiling still exists today and unfortunately happens frequently. In 2013, an unarmed black male, Trayvon Martin, is shot and killed by an officer. In 2014, Michael Brown, who is also a black male is shot and killed by another officer. Also, many black and Hispanic people are racially profiled andRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement993 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasingly improved after the civil rights movement, racism still occurs today. Disc rimination and racism toward Blacks was considered normal after the Civil War and before the civil rights movement. Many white people could openly abuse black people in the streets and no one would care. Racism and discrimination only happens at a mid extent today, which is not as often as a when Richard lived. Richard Wright was born after the Civil War, but before the Civil Rights Movement. If he were to write an autobiographyRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement1439 Words   |  6 PagesJustice, racial profiling refers to the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin. Any definition of racial profiling must include, in addition to racially or ethnically discriminatory acts, discriminatory omissions on the part of law enforcement as well. For example, during the eras of lynching in the South in the nineteenth and early twentieth centu ries and the civil rightsRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement851 Words   |  4 Pagesas joblessness, racism, racial profiling, etc. This rally was in support of other nationalities, most of which, I have no personal connection to. I arrived at Walker Mill Baptist Church feeling a bit nervous and apprehensive. There were more than one hundred persons at the church and I was quite mesmerized at the number of African Americans willing to travel to New York and stand in solidarity with other nationalities concerning freedom of religion and other human rights atrocities. However, euphoriaRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement918 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica has come a long way since the Civil Rights movement in the 60s. Prejudice, discrimination, racism, and violence have decreased since then, but it is still very present in the 21st century. There have been numerous cases from Trayvon Martin, to Eric Garner, Sandra Bland, and many more lives th at were lost in these last few years. Being mindful of who they’re around and what they’re doing is something that African Americans always think about, because the last thing they want is to be oneRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Civil Rights Movement2959 Words   |  12 Pageshousing, and countless other establishments. One cannot describe America without slavery, the Civil Rights Movement, and other racially motivated movements. Race (and racism, unfortunately) is what makes America, America. For this essay, I will be exploring the question: Is there still a racial issue in America, predominantly, against blacks? Also, I will be exploring if stereotypes are related to racial profiling, if the media affects racism, and if racism is still present in the 21st century, in particularlyRead MorePolice Brutality Of African Americans1405 Words   |  6 Pagesthe United States. The August 2014 death of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri many Americans, some who are forme r Civil Rights activists, have spoken out against police brutality. Black Lives Matter states that the movement’s goal is to bring justice to the present unjust police killings of African Americans. Looking at prior cases of brutality and its connection to racial profiling, such as the police shooting of Ronald Stokes in 1962, has led many activists in America to connect these past issuesRead MoreMyths and Stereotypes909 Words   |  4 PagesMyth and Stereotypes: Racial Profiling Wendy Horton Kaplan University A stereotype is an exaggerated belief about a group that can be positive or negative but generalizes without allowing for differences (Louisiana Voices, 1999-2003). One example of a stereotype would be racial profiling. Racial profiling is an inclusion of racial or ethnic characteristics in determining whether a person is considered more likely to commit a particular type of crime or an illegal act or to behave in a â€Å"predictable†Read MoreCivil Rights For African Americans1001 Words   |  5 PagesCivil Rights for African Americans Marciano Castillo Government 3P May 5, 2015 For centuries African Americans have been treated differently because of the color of their skin. They’ve been slaves, segregated, and discriminated, and been forced to fight for equality. Till this day African Americans are discriminated but yet have accomplished a lot from changing laws to changing the way they are viewed. The first slaves arrived in Virginia around the 1600’s and was the jumpstart to whatRead MoreThroughout history, racial profiling has become a prevalent issue within humanity. From slavery,1400 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, racial profiling has become a prevalent issue within humanity. From slavery, segregation, and to world wars, furthermore ongoing issues of terrorism, these examples have led to the profound effects of racial profiling. Racial Profiling can be defined as the action of law enforcers and society, which specifically targets people based on race, ethnicity, religion or national origin and not by actual behavior. Although, many people may believe that racial profiling is non-existent,

Gender Analysis The War On Drugs - 3624 Words

Schnaible 1 John Schnaible Lisa Wells English 101: Gender analysis 21 November 2014 Criminal Racism The Bureau of Justice Statistics found that about 558,700 African Americans were imprisoned in the United States in 2010. African American men had an imprisonment rate of 3% while Caucasian men had a rate of 0.5% (Bureau of Justice Statistics). 1 in 3 African American children will end up in jail (Shelden 182). Why are these numbers not more proportionate? Majority of people are not aware of this racism and mass imprisonment. Slavery comes to mind when we think of racism, but we do not think of the African Americans in prison as racist. The justice system racially discriminates. A system was set up to make certain there would be an abundance of prisons during the Reagan administration. The War on Drugs led to lots of arrests because the stereotypical drug user was African Americans. Police also used corrupt practices targeting African Americans. Media defined the typical criminal as an African American male. Minority neighborhoods are a focus of police. Officers are given an unacceptable amount of discretion that creates racism. When these people get issued a sentence that adds more racism. When released from prison, they face an unsupportive uncompassionate society. The prison system is very much like slavery. These instances show how the justice system generates racism. Jerome Miller says, â€Å"Discrimination clearly plays a role in who gets a criminal record, who stays in jail,Show MoreRelatedAre Prisons Obsolete? By Angela Davis1513 Words   |  7 Pageshas towards minorities in America. She goes on to identifies race, gender, and class as being a par t of the problem of incarceration. Davis takes the stance of not having prisons in our society, period. She does believe that we can have some sort of a reform; however she believes that can only be accomplished by a social up rise. Overall she is a firm believer in a society where no one is caged. Davis reveals that race and gender has played a huge role in our nation s history. What is very interestingRead MoreCivil War And The Abolition Of Slavery Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pagestaken away slowly, and instead hurdling forward towards a time where capitalism is more important than freedom and equity. Keeanga- Yamahtta Taylor questions, â€Å"What would constitute the ‘radical reconstruction’ of American society?† After the Civil War and the abolishment of slavery, people were heading towards a new time of Radical Reconstruction (1865-1877). But, opportunities for former slaves had been sabotaged by the Compromise of 1877. From then the Black community were left exposed and unprotectedRead MoreThe Failure of the War on Drugs Essay1529 Words   |  7 PagesThe War on Drugs in the United States has a profound influence on both the incarceration rates and activities of the criminal justice system. Many politicians and advocates of the policy claim that the Wa r on Drugs is a necessary element to deter criminal behavior and reduce the crime rate. However, studies show that drug deterrent policies on possession and use have been inadequate and unsuccessful (Cole Gertz, 2013). Studies also show that the War on Drugs has not attained its objectives becauseRead MoreUnity and Diversity1694 Words   |  7 Pageselections years, and some unexpected altogether, such as natural disasters. Within the global community, the current state of a variety of affairs greatly affects the balance of unity and diversity amongst the global community along racial, socioeconomic, gender, age, or political lines. Recent history provides many examples of unity and diversity shifting and changing in balance between each other. However, when in perfect harmony, unity and diversity are equally prevalent and provide for the most levelheadedRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Jean Piaget And John Dewey1387 Words   |  6 PagesAs a World War II veteran who smuggled Jews acro ss enemy borders, Lawrence Kohlberg always wondered if he was a â€Å"good† man. What was more noble; protecting human lives, or upholding the law? Kohlberg, inspired by the philosophy of Jean Piaget and John Dewey, began researching ways to determine moral righteousness. Using his experience as a war veteran, he created mock simulations where one needed to choose between two distinct options. Kohlberg used these simulations, known as moral dilemmas, toRead MoreStratification Is Universal And Its Effect On Society997 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom each other based on our age, gender, race, and personal characteristics. Stratification is seeing and ranking an individual or a group of people who is higher than one another, who are high class, middle class, and lower class, based on their hierarchy of status levels like their status, the jobs they do like white collar or blue collar, the power they have, controlling people and telling what to do, and wealth, how much you get paid an d if you are rich, gender, men might get more power, moneyRead MoreA Dominant Force Or Trend Within Clothing, Opinion, Arts, And Culture Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagesas the movement by people from one place to another and settling in a new location. Minority group- an ethnic/racial group that has a smaller population than the controlling majority group in a society. Minority groups may also be based on shared gender, age, disabilities, political views, etc. Monotheism- a belief that there is only one god. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are usually considered monotheistic religions. Multiculturalism- a mixed model of society in where the existence of immersingRead Moresociology in religion1257 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿A Critical Analysis of Putnam, Robert D., and David E. Campbell. American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us. New York: Simon Schuster, 2010. Print, pp 1-246 In a renowned examination to approach religion as a sociological study, respected scholars Robert D. Putnam and David E. Campbell trek through the social history of our nation over the past few decades and the affects that have consequently—or thankfully—been left on religious institutions. While the authors explore detailed culturalRead MoreTaking a Look at Audience Analysis1539 Words   |  6 Pages Audience analysis is one of the most important elements of effective communication which involves assembling and interpreting information about the recipients of oral, written, or visual communication. In order to derive an effective speech or writing, it is imperative to determine the associated characteristics of an audience. Audience analysis can help you gain valuable insight about your readers, which can help you to choose and develop a relevant, meaningful topic. It can also help you toRead MoreDrug Addiction And Its Effects On The Central Nervous System1468 Words   |  6 PagesDefine: drug, drug addiction, narcotic drugs, depressants, stimulants, opioids, cannabinols, hallucinogens, inhalants and over the counter drugs. †¢ Drug; Natural or synthetic substance introduced into de body produces on alterations of the SNC of the individual and is susceptible to create psychological, physical or both.. †¢ Drug addiction: is a dependence on an illegal drug or a medication when you are addicted, you may not be able to control your drug use and you may continue using the drug despite

In the 21st Century, How Important Is to Be Able to Read, Write and Speak English in Thailand Free Essays

At the present time, English is used widely around the world and also the most spoken official language. Being able to read, write and speak English becomes important for Thai people because of various reasons. English is used in education and in doing business. We will write a custom essay sample on In the 21st Century, How Important Is to Be Able to Read, Write and Speak English in Thailand? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Firstly, it is important for Thai children because English is used in education. There are many sources of knowledge written in English such as textbooks or information on the internet. If Thai children can read and write English fluently, they will understand the content which is written in English. They can also express their point of view by writing down. Therefore, children will be able to access to more sources of knowledge. Nowadays, some Thai students go to study overseas. Living in a foreign country, English is very necessary since it is a language which used worldwide. Students must be able to speak English because they have to communicate with foreigners such as their classmates or their teachers. They are also required to read and write English in order to understand the information in textbooks and be able to finish their homework. Moreover, business opportunities for Thai people can be expanded by being able to read, write and speak English. Currently, many foreign companies are established in Thailand. They want the employees who can use English fluently. In foreign companies, they use English as an Interlingua. Companies’ employees have to interact with people in English. They have to read papers and write down everything in English as well. Thus, it is advantageous to Thai people who are able to read write and speak English. For Thai employers, if they are able to speak English, they will have an easier communication with their business counterparts without hiring employ translators. This will cut down the companies’ expenses. Employers can directly negotiate with their counterparts. They can clearly understand each other business deal. In conclusion, it can be seen that English is very essential in Thailand. English is used for educational purposes and expanding business opportunities. Therefore, Thai people should realize that the importance of being able to read, write and speak English in Thailand is very necessary. We should try harder and harder in practices these skills. How to cite In the 21st Century, How Important Is to Be Able to Read, Write and Speak English in Thailand?, Papers

Importance of written communication skills and business writing skills free essay sample

Communication as defined by the Merriam Webster dictionary is the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviours to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc. , to someone else (Webster, 2013) . The communication process starts with the sender developing an idea that is composed into a message that is then sent to another party who interprets the message and receives meaning after which the receiver provides feedback. There are 2 forms of communication being verbal which can be divided into written and oral and non-verbal which is body language and gestures. There are many advantages of using written communication and one of them is that written messages can be altered as many times as needed before being sent. Moreover, written communication serves as proof of an event and provides a permanent record in case of a need for referencing in the future. Some information such as statistics is better conveyed to another person in written form. There are many ways how the study of written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future. The audience must be identified before starting to write. When writing, it is important to use a professional tone. Moreover, the correct format must be chosen when delivering a written message. In addition, the information that needs to be imparted upon the reader should be arranged neatly. Grammatical errors should be avoided at all cost. Table of Contents Pages Summary i Table of content ii 1. 0 Introduction 1 2. 0 Communication 2 2. 1 Communication Process 2 2. 2 Forms of Communication 2 2. 3 Importance of Communication 3 2. 4 Effects of Poor Communication 3 3. 0 Written Communication 4 4. 0 How Written Communication Can Improve 56 Develop A Persons Business Writing Skills for the Future 5. 0 Conclusion 7 6. 0 Recommendations 8 7. 0 Reference List 91. 0 Introduction The main aim of this report is to explain â€Å"how written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future†. The main body of the report is split into three parts being 1) Communication, 2) Written Communication and 3) How written communication can improve and develop a person s’ business writing skills for the future. In 1) Communication, a clear definition of what is communication and how the communication process works is explained. In addition, the various forms of communication is outlined. The importance of communication and effects of poor communications is also thoroughly analysed. 2) Written communication analyses in depth the various forms of written communication. Lastly, 3) How written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future explain clearly the many benefits of using written communication and how it helps improve a persons’ business writing skills to be used in the workplace. 2. 0 Communication Communication as defined by the Merriam Webster dictionary is the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviours to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., to someone else (Webster, 2013). 2. 1 Communication Process The communication process starts with the sender developing an idea that is composed into a message that is then sent to another party who interprets the message and receives meaning after which the receiver provides feedback. Effective communication can only be achieved when all concerned parties have a mutual understanding of the subjec t at hand (Mindtools, 2012). 2. 2 Forms of Communication There are 2 forms of communication being Verbal and Non-Verbal communication. Verbal communication can be divided into 2 types which are Written and Oral. Written communication is any form of interaction that involves written words. Examples include books, e-mails and letters. Oral communication on the other hand is any form of interaction that involves speaking words. Talking face to face, talking on the phone and speaking with someone through teleconferencing are examples of oral communication. Non-verbal communication is any form of communication without the use of words such as pictures, symbols and body language. Eye contact and body language are important aspects of body language in non-verbal communication. 2. 3 Importance of Communication Clear communication is extremely important as without it, there will be no management (Hartley, 09/2000). Managers will have a hard time conveying what they expect of workers. Managers with great leadership qualities are always able to communicate clearly with their subordinates. The success of a presentation also hangs on how the presentation is organised and how the information is presented to the audience. Group work in which a number of people work together to achieve a common goal requires clear communication as without it, the members of the group will not know what is expected of them from other members. Each person is unique with a different way of thinking and so it is important that a message or thought is communicated effectively in a manner that everyone can comprehend. In short, it is about telling people your needs wants and expectation. 2. 4 Effects of Poor Communication Poor communication will result in inefficiency. If a message is conveyed wrongly, it can have disastrous effects on a company’s operation. Poor employee morale is another effect of poor communication as a worker might feel demotivated if he does not understand what is expected of him. Some workers are loathe to ask further after given a task for fear of being branded dumb or slow and this is an example of poor communication. Being forced to go through a drab presentation will demoralize employees as they are supplied with unclear instructions on projects causing confusion. Moreover, productivity can be affected leading to decreased innovation in a firm as what the manager wants and expects is not understood clearly causing workers to go in a different direction wasting time. Examples of poor communication are talking too fast, not listening to what the other person is saying and always assuming that you are correct. 3. 0 Written Communication Written communication is a very important aspect of business communication which is essentially communication practiced in the workplace (Krlshnamacharyulu, 2009). There are many advantages of using written communication and one of them is that written messages can be altered as many times as needed before being sent meaning the perfect message is delivered as opposed to talking face to face where you can say something that you did not mean to say. Moreover, written communication serves as proof of an event and provides a permanent record in case of a need for referencing in the future such as forgetting the contents of email and referring back to it. Misunderstandings are also reduced if the message is written clearly. Furthermore, some information such as statistics is better conveyed to another person in written form as it can be better understood and this also saves time as there is no need for explanations. Lastly, written communication when done well appears formal and this is a cause for action when read as it is authoritative.4. 0 How Written Communication Can Improve Develop A Persons Business Writing Skills for the Future There are many ways how the study of written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future. The audience must be identified before starting to write. Different people have different jobs, ages and backgrounds. A work written professionally might not b e understood clearly by children. On the other hand, too simple a work which children can enjoy might be judged childish and immature by an older audience. Therefore it is of upmost importance to consider all of the facts above when writing so that a message can be understood clearly by the intended audience. When writing, it is important to use a professional tone as you will be judged by whomever who reads the work. Simple direct language should be used that is as straight to the point as possible to prevent any confusion arising (Herta A. Murphy, 1997). The focus should be on the one who is reading your work and not the writer to convey a sense of sincerity towards the reader. There are times when unpleasant or undesirable information has to be passed on which requires more attention and the art of diplomacy. For example when someone requires you to do something that you are not agreeable to such as working late for 7 days in a row. The â€Å"no† response must be made crystal clear for the other person to understand so that it will not be misunderstood. If possible, instead come up with suggestions to the problem and be helpful towards any potential queries. Basically, writing in a professional tone will help attract the attention of the intended recipient which is an important business writing skill. Moreover, the correct format must be chosen when delivering a written message. E-mails, books, letters and journals are different examples of a variety of formats that be used whereby each of them has its own unique use. When a worker wants to deliver a message to a boss for example, an e-mail should be used as this is the standard accepted method. On the other hand, if a friend wants to ask another friend out for dinner, a simple text message exchange between their phones is sufficient as an informal method of communication is satisfactory. In addition, the information that needs to be imparted upon the reader should be arranged neatly. Building on the motive of the correspondence, the information should be organized well so that it can be understood easily without much fuss. For example, an instruction manual on how to use a washing machine. The manual will clearly explain step-by-step to the user how to operate the machine to what the user expects safely to prevent damage to the machine and injury to the user. In business, people are busy and do not have time to read long winded articles or messages and so it is important to arrange the information neatly so that it can be easily understood. Furthermore, visual elements should be used wisely as this can make or break the message that you wish to deliver. When writing e-mails and official letters which are essentially formal documents, it is important to come across as professional and so a font such as Times New Roman is preferred as opposed to a â€Å"social† font such as AR BLANCA which is hard to read and usually only used in invitation cards. In short, the most suitable computer-text font should be used depending on the purpose, formality and audience. Bulleted lists and underlined texts are useful in highlighting main points and helps your message understood more easily. Font size is also important as too big a font can make your document seem like it was made for kids but too small a font size can make a correspondence crowded and almost impossible to read. A boss for example will not be impressed when presented with work that he cannot read and will most probably ask for it to be redone and so it is important to get it right the first time Grammatical errors should be avoided at all cost as it will make a person or firm look unprofessional. It is important to learn grammar and its use properly and the best way of achieving this is through reading and writing. The more you read, the better your grammar and the more you write the better your writing will be as practice makes perfect. Reading a lot will also help expand a persons’ vocabulary whereby you will have a larger choice of words to use from to make your writing more interesting to read. No one would want to purchase a product which has wrong spellings as this conveys cheap and prospective customers will be put off when looking at a business’s website which has a lot of spelling mistakes as they will deem it dubious and fraudulent. It is also important to consider the emotions of other people when writing. Words of encouragement should be shown to someone who has suffered a misfortune while a positive achievement should be praised. That is why it important to have background knowledge of the intended recipient of the message so that it will strike a chord with the person and makes him more interested in reading what you have to say. For example asking about the intended recipients’ family to sound friendly and to show that you know the person on a personal basis. 5. Conclusion It can be concluded that there are many forms of communication which constitutes an integral part of our lives and there are many factors which contribute towards communicating effectively. Communication is used in everyday life in by every person be it friends, family and in the workplace and there many ways to communicate such as talking face to face, on the phone and through the use of written forms of communication such as e-mails and letters not to mention non-verbal communication in the form of gestures and body language. It is important to pick a correct form of communication to effectively convey a message to prevent misunderstanding and to show the intended recipient of your sincerity and seriousness. Writing skills are an important aspect of modern day society and in the business environment as it certainly a requirement. There are many ways to improve one’s writing skills but none more important than to read and write extensively as practice makes perfect. Great communication and writing skills also gives a person confidence to pursue a great career which will lead to a happy and successful life. 6. 0 Recommendations There are a few recommendations that can be followed to improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills such as: i. Extensive background research on the subject matter. This will help give a clearer idea on the topic and makes it easier to write as you will have the necessary knowledge. ii. Read a lot Reading is a way to increase general knowledge and by reading different mediums by different people will give you an idea of how to write and help you to write. iii. Write a lot There’s only one way to improve one’s writing and that is to write. There’s no harm in practicing your writing and always comparing with professional work as this will elevate your writing skills iv. Study great authors By analysing works from other authors you can get an idea of how to write effectively and how to attract an audience to keep on reading. rite a lot

The Miracle Worker by Annie Sullivan free essay sample

The motion picture, The Miracle Worker, is about the narrative of Annie Sullivans struggles in instructing a deaf, visually impaired, and mute girl named Helen Keller. At the point when Helen Keller was just 19 months old, she gotten an obscure malady portrayed by the specialists at the time as an intense blockage of the stomach and cerebrum, which may have been red fever or meningitis. The disease left her both hard of hearing and visually impaired.As far back as her disabilities have occurred, she hasnt spoken with her family. She every now and again has fits to get sweets just to be calm for some time. Her parents condone her actions. She can get her own food by getting it from the plates of others using her bare hands. All of this is with the pity looks of her family relatives.She is very much cherished by her family however they think about her as an imbecilic child who will never learn anything. We will write a custom essay sample on The Miracle Worker by Annie Sullivan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Captain Keller, father of Helen, had intended to put their child in an asylum. Kate Keller, mother of Helen, did not concur on this. She asked Captain Keller to find other solutions for Helens situation. This is the time where Annie Sullivan enters Helen’s life. She is asked to be the teacher of Helen. Helens family needed Annie to teach Helen manners and how to be behave properly. Be that as it may, Annie needed to go a long ways past what she is requested in light of the fact that she saw potential as a part of Helens personality. She believed that Helen is an astute child.She wanted to teach her sign language and what things are and how they work. Being an orphan at an exceptionally youthful age, Annie grew up and experienced childhood in an asylum. This is the reason why she unequivocally disagrees with Captain to put Helen in an asylum because she knows that an asylum isn’t a place for Helen. She then teaches Helen sign language. But because of Captain Keller’s imperious characteristics she was not able to teach Helen fully. Captain wasn’t satisfied on what Annie has done. He was expecting more. Annie was given two weeks to show Captain Keller what she wanted to teach Helen.

Describe the Role of Situational and Dispositional Factors in Explaining Behavior Essays

Describe the Role of Situational and Dispositional Factors in Explaining Behavior Essays Describe the Role of Situational and Dispositional Factors in Explaining Behavior Paper Describe the Role of Situational and Dispositional Factors in Explaining Behavior Paper Describe the Role of Situational and Dispositional Factors in Explaining Behavior Sophie Landesmann The roles of situational and dispositional factors both play an important role in behavior. A significant term that one has to take in account is attribution, which is how people interpret and explain casual relationships in the social world. Humans have the need to know why things actually happen. Situational factors have something to do with external factors. When people speak about their own personal behavior they tend to attribute it to situational factors. Dispositional factors on the other hand have something to do with internal factors. When people observe the way other ones behave, they tend to ascribe it to dispositional factors. People use dispositional factors all the time for example, when a person is waiting for someone to meet them and they don’t arrive on time they think about different reasons why the person could be late and the behavior could be attributed to dispositional factors. The Theory of Attribution argues that people are more likely to explain a person’s actions by pointing to dispositional factors, rather than to the actual situation. When people overestimate the role of dispositional factors in a person’s behavior and underestimate the situational factors it is called the fundamental attribution error. People gather information by observing others, which can often lead to making unreasonable conclusions. For example, after watching several movies with Tom Cruise one might think that he is a hero and not afraid of anything, which would be dispositional, and not to the fact that he is only playing a role in these movies, which would be situational. Psychologists often wonder why people make unreasonable conclusions like this and argue that it is, because people tend to think of themselves as adaptable and ever-changing human beings. When people look at others, they are not able to make a balanced decision, since they don’t have enough information about them so they attribute behavior to disposition. When thinking of the behavior that they themselves have, they tend to think that they would have acted another way under different conditions. A research study was made by Lee et al. in 1977, and her aim was to see if student participants would make the fundamental attribution error when they knew that all the actors were simply playing a role. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three different roles: a game show host, contestants on the game show, or members of the audience. The observers were asked to rank the intelligence of the people who had take part. They ranked the game show host as the most intelligent, even though the person had written the questions and was randomly assigned to this position. There are concerns about this experiment, one of which being that student samples are not representative of the greater population, and therefore it is questionable where the findings can be generalized.

Love.. Technological Processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Love.. Technological Processes - Essay Example If we continue that way, we will end up in a disastrous situation. For example, the internet is an exceptionally reliable source of communication that has enabled many people to communicate effectively regardless of the distance between them. People can purchase and sell goods and services online, but they can also fall victims of internet theft, scamming and other virtual evils. Moreover, though social networks people can date people they have not met, and on the other hand many people have been subjected to rape, conning among other forms of predation as a result. Although, internet has made easy communication, interaction and overall globalization, it has its flip side. Will Durant was a greater writer and story teller who won many prizes for his articulation of civilization by education. He posited in his famous quote that, education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance. This quotation is in the same thought line with Einstein’s quote position that technological progress is like an axe in the hands of a pathological criminal. Education is a continuous process that occurs throughout an individual’s life just as imagination occurs throughout a person’s life. Knowledge and imagination lead to a progressive discovery of things, including technology. Each day, we learn new things that we did not know previously. Sometimes we assume some things but when we chance to experience them, we realize that we did not know them. The ignorance in us can lead us to harmful situations that will affect our well being, health and our general performance in life. On the other hand, knowledge has also contributed to the destruction for e xample the making of sophisticated weapons, which can harm humanity or perpetuation of some crimes like computer hacking and scamming. Einstein and Durant’s quotes are related, in that, both advocate for the seeking of education and knowledge. Both view education and knowledge as necessary requirements that are vital for

Master's level APA-style paper as prescribed herein Essay

Master's level APA-style paper as prescribed herein - Essay Example There is evidence, that in the interest of profit, the company has participated actively in compromising the conditions the workers must endure to produce product. While Nike has promoted its company and its brand as a representation of health, environmental awareness, and social conscious, there is a significant amount of evidence that suggests that the company has compromised this representation. Nike has a corporate website that is rich in content, supplying information regarding codes of operation and ethics to create an image of corporate and social responsibility. According to the website, the following is a statement of the code of ethics to which employees should adhere. There is also information about the way in which conflicts and violations of that code can be reported. Our code of ethics for employees is called Inside the Lines; it defines the standards of conduct we expect of all our employees. Every year, employees are required to verify that they have read and understand Inside the Lines. We operate a global toll-free Alertline for employees to report in confidence any suspected violations of the law or our code of ethics. Any reported concerns around accounting, auditing or internal control are communicated to the Audit Committee of the Board. We expect our suppliers to share our standards and to operate in a legal and ethical manner. While Inside the Lines covers the behavior of Nike employees, our Nike Code of Conduct covers contractors who manufacture Nike-branded products. It directs them to respect the rights of their employees, and to provide them with a safe and healthy work environment.(Nike Responsibility, 2009). In an examination of these statements, the truth of how the company has conducted its business and its relationships with workers will reveal an accurate picture of how these policies are

Civil Wars and Peace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Civil Wars and Peace - Essay Example In previous years, the most important focus on war was on interstate wars. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, there has been a heave in civil wars around the world. This perturbing trend of citizens rising against their governments needs strict analysis. In this essay, focus will be shed on civil war: the causes, effects, and actions taken to cultivate peace. In most cases, war leads to peace. It has often been said that there cannot be peace without war. Accordingly, this essay will also seek to establish the relationship between war and peace. Causes of civil war Political analysts and theorists of international relations have come up with several theories to explain the occurrence of civil wars. These reasons may vary from one country to another, but fundamentally, economic, political and cultural reasons are the main reasons for civil wars. Distribution of economic resources Most countries that have experienced civil wars can attest to the fact that disproportionate distribut ion of national resources was one of the factors that led to outbreak of war. When citizens start feeling like they are getting less than they deserve, they riot against the government. A case in point is the Sudanese civil war that lasted over twenty years. Sudan began exporting oil in 1999 and promised that proceeds from oil sales would be distributed equally in the country. However, when the government failed to distribute the wealth to the south, South Sudanese rebels started attacking North Sudan claiming their fair share of oil wealth. The two sides fought over the monopoly of oil profits as each wanted to control the sale of oil. South Sudan accused north Sudan of benefitting from the sale of oil that actually lay in South Sudan. In another case, the long standing civil war in Congo was primarily caused by the vast natural resources found in the country. The availability of minerals such as gold and copper led to conflicts. President Mobutu used the minerals to enrich himself and ensure that he stayed in power (Karl & Heo, 2007). This selfishness angered the citizens and opposition leaders who formed rebel groups to oust Mobutu from office. Political ideologies Differences in political ideologies have often led to civil wars within and among states. According to Levy and Thompson (2011), the type of political ideology that governs a country determines the stability of that particular country. In democratic regimes, citizens enjoy their human and constitutional rights, thus determining the way the state is run. In dictatorial systems, on the other hand, citizens are usually oppressed and do not have a say on how they are governed. Autocratic governments, oppressive as they may be, may not often experience civil wars since the people are afraid of the government. Semi-democratic regimes are more probable to be affected by civil wars. This is because citizens are aware of their rights and are able to petition the government to grant them their rights. In r ecent times, however, occurrences have proved that citizens can stand up against tyrants. The Arab uprising is one perfect example of how willing citizens can dislodge dictators from power. The Arab spring of 2011 started with the ousting of Tunisia’

G4S Is The Biggest Security Company In UK Marketing Essay

G4S Is The Biggest Security Company In UK Marketing Essay 1) Introduction: G4S is not just the biggest security company of the UK,s now it is the one of the biggest company of the world.G4S took strong start in 2007 and organic turnover growth of 7.5% in the first six months of 2007. Nick Buckles, Chief Executive Officer of G4S said in 2007 the firm had a enjoyed a good start to the year with strong performances across all regions and services, despite the waning strength of the US dollar. firm also reported cash flow generation of  £97.7m and profit margins of 6.2%à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ up 0.3% on the same period last year. We hope the strong momentum achieved so far this year to continue into the second half, Buckles said. The first half of 2007 also saw G4S employing 500,000 people for the first time. The company maintained its strong margin performance and good growth record. 2) Mission: Mission of Create awareness about the safe handling of securities and detention of property to our customers and prospective users nationwide, projecting confidence through experience and varied offer of services as a result of our corporate culture of research and development. 3) Vision: Remain one of the leading security solutions and expertise through the delivery of outsourcing services world-class cash management and comprehensive security, focusing on customer needs and investing in recruitment and development of our best people in the industry, we will provide innovative services in each of our businesses. 4) Objective: Our overall goal is to become recognized by the skilled execution and superior services to our customers. This means meet with the specific objectives, which are: Absolute confidence in our employees Permanent customer satisfaction Reasonable profitability of our operations Values: Loyalty Commitment Competitiveness Discipline Responsibility The G4S family is committed to its corporate vision and to be supported through fair, transparent and participatory engagement. Serving in this way we fulfill the duties to our shareholders, employees, family members, providers, state and community. 5) Competitive Landscape Demand often depends on the income of consumers or the profitability of business customers, because many technology products and services are expensive. The profitability of individual companies is driven by their ability to develop and market new products. Large companies often have advantages in access to capital and marketing. Small companies can compete successfully if they have expertise in a particular field of knowledge. The industry is capital-intensive: average annual revenue per worker is more than $300,000. Top G4S plc Competitors Companies Location Prose r Compaà ±Ãƒ ­a de Seguridad, S.A.gu Madrid,  Spain Securitas AB Stockholm,  Sweden UTC Fire Security Farmington,  CT Boca Raton,  FL Richmond,  VA Nashville,  TN Hunt Valley,  MD Boca Raton,  FL Carmel,  IN Solna,  Sweden London,  England Tokyo,  Japan Stakeholders: Customers , employees and their representative , investor, industries bodies Government and legislator and experts are all the stakeholders of g4s and engaged with each other. 6) G4S (PLC) has a total of 4 major shareholders. Together they account for 20.07% of the total shares in issue. Major share holders Amount %Holding Harris associates LP 85,35,700 6.04 Prudential Corporation 71,384,444 5.06 Blackrock Inc 70,570,646 5.00 Legal General group plc 56,54,546 3.97 Direct holder Nick Buckles 1798,467 0.13 Trevor Dighton 1,226,819 0.087 Grahame Gibson 1,206,8542 0.086 Executive Directors Share Holding Nick Buckles 1798,467 (Chief Executive) Trevor Dighton 1,226,819 (Chief Financial Officer) Grahame Gibson 1,206,8542 (Chief Operating Officer) 7) SWOT Analysis: 7.1) Strength: Diversity   is a source of strength for G4S in the UK and Ireland and one that gives us a key competitive advantage.It wants to build an inclusive working environment in which people can thrive and reach their full potential regardless of race, sex, religion or beliefs, disability, marital or civil partnership status, age, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression. Company policies and practices are written to ensure that people understand what is required, the importance of complying and the consequences of not doing so. Company also have a telephone helpline which allows disclosures to be made in confidence. As a security company, with a clear weighting towards traditionally male-dominated occupations, face challenges in driving the diversity and inclusion agenda .Company open up opportunities for people with disabilities and health conditions to work at more than 1,000 sites operated by Trillium and provided with security services by G4S. However, there is still much to be done to raise awareness of the business benefits of diversity, and to implement strategies to harness these benefits. Therefore at the end of 2010, the role of Group Head of Diversity and Talent was created to develop and implement a diversity strategy across G4S globally. 7.2) Weakness: Worlds biggest security company: fell 3.4 per cent in the wake of its full-year results on concerns that organic revenue improvement was slowing. Nick Buckles: eyeing expansion into Brazil EDITORS CHOICE Russia in dogfight for India contract Mar-11 Aerospace and defence deals down Feb-21 Thales paints gloomy picture amid big loss Feb-20 Nick Buckles, chief executive, said that over the coming year the FTSE 100 group would continue to diversify beyond traditional and low-margin manned guarding. He said G4S had increasingly provided clients with technology such as identity management, biometrics and sophisticated digital video monitoring in part because it can help them keep costs down. Pre-tax profits at G4S, which guards nuclear weapons establishments, manages prisons and clears landmines, rose from  £262.7m to  £302.8m in the year to December 31 on sales of  £7.01bn ( £5.93bn). The group benefited from the weakness of sterling and, assuming currencies had been constant, sales improved 7.4 per cent. A relatively strong performance in new markets across Asia, Africa and South America helped offset weakness in continental Europe and North America. Mr Buckles, who expects G4S to spend between  £100m and  £150m on acquisitions this year, said he was eyeing expansion into Brazil. Earnings per share were 14.4p (11.1p). The board recommended a final dividend of 4.16p, giving a total for the year of 7.18p (6.43p). The shares closed down 9.4p at 269.2p. 7.3) Oppurtunity: 24th February 2010: G4S, the worlds leading international security solutions group, has unveiled a promising young Filipino athlete as the newest member of its global sports team, G4S 4teen. After an extensive search Charly Suarez, a talented 21 year-old featherweight boxer from Davao city, has been selected to join the unique sporting initiative and complete the line-up of young sporting hopefuls in G4Ss inspirational programme. World class boxers after G4S recognised qualities and values in the sport that sit close to their own, a comprehensive selection process was run in conjunction with the Filipino Boxing Federation. As a young Olympic sportsman with huge potential, Suarez was selected from a shortlist of young talented boxers as a perfect match for the aspirational sports programme. With an impressive list of achievements already to his name, including a recent Gold medal at the South East Asian Games in Laos, the 21 year-old has demonstrated determination, courage, and tenaci ty in becoming a top amateur boxer in The Philippines characteristics that are integral to the G4S 4teen programme. 7.4) Threat: Retail crime-the threat: Almost one in ten retail employees has committed a crime against their employer in the last 12 months reveals G4S Over 160,000 retail employees have consumed produce without paying for it in the last year. Over 28,000 retail employees have stolen goods when in transit. New research published by G4S Secure Solutions (UK) (G4S) reveals almost one-in-ten (224,000) retail employees have committed a crime against their employer in the last 12 months. The most common crime committed by retail employees was consuming produce without paying for it, with over 160,000 workers secretly stealing food. Over 56,000 retail employees admit to outright theft from their employer in the last 12 months, removing items from a store in which they were working without paying for them. G4S warns that unsecured vehicle loading bays prove an attractive target for retail employees looking to remove goods without permission. Its research shows that over 28,000 retail employees have admitted to stealing goods when in transit to a shop, or between a storage area and the shop floor. The diversion of goods in the supply chain, from the distributor or manufacturer, before they reach the shop floor is a major problem for retailers with significant revenues lost each year as a result of merchandise being stolen. Retailers mitigate against the threat from within and minimises losses from employee shrinkage. Strategy: The underlying focus of G4S strategy is to add value to the core services that it is already provide by taking a greater role not just in specialist security areas, but in total outsourcing of the management of environments where security and safety is key. By this G4S becomes a partner with its customers and takes greater responsibility for managing entire aspects of their business which are not core to them, and where G4S can add value through its security and segment expertise. For example: high-security facility outsourcing   cash cycle management   ATM network management and servicing   risk management and consultancy   prison design and management   offender management programmes. Strategy implementation: Security remains at the core of offer it is an area in which company have extensive expertise across the Group and is fundamental to our service proposition. In recent years, added expertise to businesses in key areas and sectors such as events, risk assessment and consulting, ports, aviation, oil and gas, bid capability and project management skills. This enables to focus on creating customer propositions tailored for specific industry sectors which demonstrate expertise in these areas. At the same time, Company is building relationships at a senior level within our customer organisations which should ultimately gain a larger share of customer commitment and spend on secure outsourcing solutions.

Scales Of Justice :: Free Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Scales of Justice shows a police force where there is a culture of corruption. The parts of the TV program that we saw were made up of two parts, The Job, and the Game. The Job is about a new probationary officer named Webber, and how he is forced to accept the corruption that occurs in the force, and ends up getting fired. The Game takes corruption to a new level involving higher powers such as MP’s and non-uniformed officers. They both are good examples of how it is a culture for them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The corruption that occurs in the Job is nothing unusual or abnormal, even to some of the higher ranked officers. Much of it involves accepting small bribes and breaching the code of conduct that is involved in being a policeman. For example, on more than on occasion, Sergeant Borland drinks and smokes while he is on duty. He then ended up influencing the new officer, Webber, to drink on duty. There is also an instance where Borland was offered an insufficient bribe so he locked the guy up and took him to court. He then influenced Webber to testify and say that he saw the man offer the bribe, which he didn’t see.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many times it is shown that officers avoid crime because there is too much paperwork to go with it. While Webber and Borland were on duty, the saw a moving car collide with a parked car, and Webber was told to do a U-turn. This was because if they caught the guy that did it, they would have to do several hours of paperwork. There was also a scene in the show when Borland told Webber about a time he found a corpse in a river, and they dumped in back inside because it would be too much of a hassle dealing with it.

Poverty and Animal Rights Activist

The year is 2040. There are no animals. Most of the other races are literally extinct. Poverty is what makes up the countries' population. Could you imagine the world? I couldn't. I would hate to live in a world where there is a struggle to live. I would hate It even more if did nothing but sit and watch. These thoughts are what drive my passions to try and change the world. I believe that If we all take a stand against these horrifying issues, we could make a change In the world, together. For Instance, I'd like to change the world by alleviating poverty. And my passions can be my tool.There are poor people living out there without anything. It's a slow, and playfully to die and I don't think their lives should be taken from them so easily. I could use one of my passions, which Is writing, and I could write a book through a poor person's point of view. I also enjoy donating because It makes me happy to know that I helped someone In need. I could make money by slang, which Is also an other passion, to donate. I could have a food drive for the ones who are starving. Thus, the poverty rate plummets. As soon as I was exposed to the horror of poaching, I knell would be the one to ease it.Poaching animals is another flaw that I would like to fix . I could use my passion, writing, by creating persuasive speeches that could, hopefully, change their minds. Although that doesn't sound too safe, I could be an Animal Rights Activist. It's a job that I've dreamed of. Anyways if I make speeches, I would read them aloud in public areas. Hopefully, it would raise awareness and everyone would see the reality. And I also like reading and it could be an asset because it would help with researching. Despite the laws, discrimination is still around.I'd like to impact the world by ending all discrimination. In this century, society has corrupted itself an words are as painful as whips strikes against your back. Writing cold be useful by making speeches. Singing would be helpful. I c ould compose songs about equality for all and sing them at public places or where you could perform. Just spread awareness through every corner. I've always been captivated, interested, and good with social studies or history, and I could recreate the discriminating periods and Insert them in essays and hopefully ban it once and for all.I'm passionate about writing, donating, reading, singing, and dreaming of becoming an Animal Rights Activist. I strongly believe that my passions will be useful by changing the world. Lay writing could help with alleviating poverty and It could raise awareness which would be the rescue. Writing can be turned Into a persuasive speech to convince that the animals are In need of help. And people will be aware of the grotesque reality. Discrimination could be ended once and for all with the help of my voice. My singing would be an asset and It could really llama. And me, being anAnimal Rights Activist Is a dream. Jesse Owens once said, † We all hav e dreams. But on order to make tee dreams come into reality, it takes an awful lot of determination, dedication, self-discipline, and effort. † Poverty and Animal Rights Activist By foreordained it even more if I did nothing but sit and watch. These thoughts are what drive my passions to try and change the world. I believe that if we all take a stand against these horrifying issues, we could make a change in the world, together. For instance, I'd like to change the world by alleviating poverty. And my passions an be my tool.There are poor people living out there without anything. It's a slow, and painfully to die and I don't think their lives should be taken from them so easily. I could use one of my passions, which is writing, and I could write a book through a poor person's point of view. I also enjoy donating because it makes me happy to know that I helped someone in need. I could make money by singing, which is also another passion, to donate. I could have a food drive for the ones who are As soon as I was exposed to the horror of poaching, I knew† would be the one to Job that I've dreamed of.Anyways if I make speeches, I would read them aloud in studies or history, and I could recreate the discriminating periods and insert them in by changing the world. Lay writing could help with alleviating poverty and it could raise awareness which would be the rescue. Writing can be turned into a persuasive speech to convince that the animals are in need of help. And people will be aware of my voice. My singing would be an asset and it could really impact. And me, being an Animal Rights Activist is a dream. Jesse Owens once said, † We all have dreams. But

Typical Course of Study - Kindergarten

Typical Course of Study - Kindergarten The elementary years lay the foundation for learning throughout a students educational career (and beyond). Childrens abilities undergo dramatic changes from kindergarten through 5th grade.   While public and private schools set the standards for their students,  homeschooling parents  may be unsure what to teach at each grade level. Thats where a typical course of study comes in handy.   A typical course of study provides a general framework for introducing appropriate skills and concepts for each subject at each grade level. Parents may notice that some skills and topics are repeated in multiple grade levels. This repetition is normal because the complexity of skills and depth of topics increases as a students ability and maturity increases. Kindergarten Kindergarten is a highly-anticipated time of transition for most children. Learning through play starts to give way to more formal lessons. (Though play remains an essential part of education through the elementary years.) For most young children, this first foray into formal learning will include pre-reading and early math activities. It is also a time for children to begin understanding their role and the roles of others in the community.   Language Arts A typical course of study for kindergarten language arts includes pre-reading activities such as learning to recognize upper- and lower-case letters of the alphabet and the sounds of each. Children enjoy looking at picture books and pretending to read. Its crucial to read to kindergarten students on a regular basis. Not only does reading aloud help children make connections between written and spoken words, but it also helps them acquire new vocabulary skills. Students should practice writing the letters of the alphabet and learn to write their name. Children may use drawings or invented spelling to tell stories.   Science Science helps kindergarten students begin to understand the world around them. It is essential to provide opportunities for them to explore science-related topics through observation and investigation. Ask students questions such as how, why, what if, and what do you think. Use nature study to help young students explore earth science and physical science. Common topics for kindergarten science include insects, animals, plants, weather, soil, and rocks.   Social Studies In kindergarten, social studies focus on exploring the world through the local community. Provide opportunities for children to  learn about themselves and their role in their family and community. Teach them about community helpers such as police officers and firefighters.   Introduce them to basic facts about their country, such as its president, its capital city, and some of its national holidays. Help them explore basic geography with simple maps of their home, city, state, and country. Math A typical course of study for kindergarten math includes topics such as counting, number recognition, one-to-one correspondence, sorting and categorizing, learning basic shapes, and pattern recognition. Children will learn to recognize numbers 1 through 100 and count by ones to 20. They will learn to describe the position of an object such as in, beside, behind, and between.   They will learn to recognize simple patterns such as A-B (red/blue/red/blue), complete a pattern that has been started for them, and create their own simple patterns. First Grade Children in first grade are starting to acquire more abstract thinking skills. Some begin to move toward reading fluency. They can understand more abstract math concepts and can complete simple addition and subtraction problems. They are becoming more independent and self-sufficient. Language Arts A typical course of study for first-grade language arts introduces students to age-appropriate grammar, spelling, and writing. Children learn to capitalize and punctuate sentences correctly. They are expected to spell grade level words correctly and capitalize common nouns. Most first grade students will learn to read one-syllable words that follow general spelling rules and use phonics skills to decipher unknown words.  Ã‚   Some common skills for first graders include using and understanding compound words; inferring a words meaning from context; understanding figurative language;  and writing short compositions. Science First-grade students will build on the concepts they learned in kindergarten. They will continue asking questions and predicting outcomes and will learn to find patterns in the natural world. Common science topics for first grade include plants; animals; states of matter (solid, liquid, gas); sound; energy; seasons; water; and weather. Social Studies First-grade students can understand the past, present, and future, though most dont have a solid grasp of time intervals (for example, 10 years ago vs.  50 years ago). They understand the world around them from the context of the familiar, such as their school and community.   Common first-grade social studies topics include basic economics (needs vs. wants), beginning  map skills (cardinal directions and locating state and country on a map), continents, cultures, and national symbols. Math First-grade math concepts reflect this age groups improved ability to think abstractly. Skills and concepts typically taught include addition and subtraction;  telling time to the half-hour; recognizing and counting money; skip counting (counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s); measuring;  ordinal numbers (first, second, third); and naming and drawing two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes. Second Grade Second-grade students are becoming better at processing information and can understand more abstract concepts. They understand jokes, riddles, and sarcasm and like to try them on others.   Most students who did not master reading fluency in first grade will do so in second. Most second graders have also established foundational writing skills. Language Arts A typical course of study for second-grade children focuses on reading fluency. Children will begin reading grade-level text without stopping to sound out most words. They will learn to read orally at a conversational speaking rate and use  voice inflection for expression. Second-grade students will learn  more complex phonics concepts and vocabulary. They will begin to learn prefixes, suffixes, antonyms, homonyms, and synonyms. They may start learning cursive handwriting.  Ã‚   Common skills for second-grade writing include using reference tools (such as a dictionary); writing opinion and how-to compositions; using planning tools such as brainstorming and graphic organizers; and learning to self-edit. Science In second grade, children begin using what they know to make predictions (hypothesis) and look for patterns in nature. Common second-grade life science topics include life cycles, food chains, and habitats (or biomes).   Earth science  topics include the Earth and how it changes over time; the factors affecting those changes such as wind, water, and ice; and the physical properties and classification of rocks.   Students are also introduced to force and motion concepts such as push, pull, and  magnetism. Social Studies Second graders are ready to begin moving beyond their local community and using what they know to compare their region with other areas and cultures.   Common topics include Native Americans, key historical figures (such as George Washington or Abraham Lincoln), creating timelines, the United States Constitution, and the election process. Second graders will also learn more advanced map skills, such as locating the United States and individual states; finding and labeling oceans, continents, the North and South Poles, and the equator. Math In second grade, students will begin to learn more complex math skills and attain fluency in math vocabulary.   A second-grade math course of study usually includes place value (ones, tens, hundreds); odd and even numbers; adding and subtracting two-digit numbers; introduction of multiplication tables; telling time from the quarter hour  to the  minute; and fractions. Third Grade In third grade, students begin to make the shift from guided learning to more independent exploration. Because most third-graders are fluent readers, they can read directions themselves and take more responsibility for their work. Language Arts In language arts, the focus on reading shifts from learning to read to reading to learn. There is an emphasis on reading comprehension. Students will learn to identify the main idea or moral of a story and be able to describe the plot and how the actions of the main characters affect the plot. Third graders will begin using more complex graphic organizers as part of the pre-writing process. They will learn  to write book reports, poems, and personal narratives. Topics for third-grade grammar include parts of speech; conjunctions; comparative and superlatives; more complex capitalization and punctuation skills (such as capitalizing book titles and punctuating dialogue); and sentence types (declarative, interrogative, and exclamatory).   Students also learn about writing genres such as fairy tales, myths, fiction, and biographies.   Science Third graders start to tackle more complex science topics. Students learn about the scientific process,  simple machines  and  the moon and its phases. Other topics include living organisms (vertebrate and invertebrates); properties of matter; physical changes; light and sound; astronomy; and inherited traits. Social Studies Third-grade social studies topics help students continue to expand their view of the world around them. They learn about cultures and how the environment and physical features affect the people of a given region. Students learn about topics such as transportation, communication, and the exploration and colonization of North American. Geography topics include latitude, longitude, map scale, and geographic terms. Math Third-grade mathematical concepts continue to increase in complexity.   Topics include multiplication and division; estimation; fractions and decimals; commutative and associative properties; congruent shapes, area and perimeter; charts and graphs; and probability.   Fourth Grade Most fourth-grade students are ready to tackle more complex work independently. They start learning basic time management and planning techniques for long-term projects. Fourth-graders are also starting to discover their academic strengths, weaknesses, and preferences. They may be asynchronous learners who dive into topics that interest them while struggling in areas that dont.   Language Arts Most fourth-grade students are competent, fluent readers. It is an excellent time to introduce books series since many children at this age are captivated by them.   A typical course of study includes grammar, composition, spelling, vocabulary-building, and literature. Grammar focuses on topics such as similes and metaphors; prepositional phrases; and run-on sentences.   Composition topics include creative, expository, and persuasive writing; research (using sources such as the internet, books, magazines, and news reports); understanding fact vs. opinion; point of view; and editing and publishing. Students will read and respond to a variety of literature. They will explore genres such as folklore, poetry, and tales from a variety of cultures.   Science Fourth-grade students continue to deepen their understanding of the scientific process through practice. They may try conducting age-appropriate experiments and document them by writing lab reports.  Ã‚   Earth science topics in fourth grade include natural disasters (such as earthquakes and volcanoes); the solar system; and natural resources. Physical science topics include electricity and electrical currents; physical and chemical changes in states of matter (freezing, melting, evaporation, and condensation); and the water cycle. Life science topics typically cover how plants and animals interact with and support one another (food chains and food webs), how plants produce food, and how humans impact the environment. Social Studies The history of the United States and the students home state are common topics for social studies in fourth grade. Students will research facts about their home states such as its native population, who settled the land, its path to statehood, and significant people and events from state history.   U.S. history topics include the Revolutionary War and westward expansion (the explorations of Lewis and Clark and the lives of American pioneers) Math Most fourth-grade students should be comfortable adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing quickly and accurately. They will apply these skills to large whole numbers and learn to add and subtract fractions and decimals.   Other fourth-grade math skills and concepts include prime numbers; multiples; conversions; adding and subtracting with variables; units of metric measurements; finding the area and perimeter of a solid; and figuring the volume of a solid. New concepts in geometry include lines, line segments, rays, parallel lines, angles, and triangles.   Fifth Grade Fifth grade is the last year as an elementary student for most students since middle school is generally considered grades 6-8. While these young tweens may consider themselves mature and responsible, they often need continued guidance as they prepare to transition fully to independent learners.   Language Arts A typical course of study for fifth-grade language arts will include components that become standard through the high school years: grammar, composition, literature, spelling, and vocabulary-building.   The literature component includes reading a variety of books and genres; analyzing plot, character, and setting; and identifying the authors purpose for writing and how his point of view influences his writing. Grammar and composition focus on using correct age-appropriate grammar to write more complex compositions such as letters, research papers, persuasive essays, and stories; honing pre-writing techniques such as brainstorming and using graphic organizers; and building on the students understanding of parts of speech and how each is used in a sentence (examples include prepositions, interjections, and conjunctions). Science Fifth graders have a strong basic understanding of science and the scientific process. Theyll put those skills to work as they delve into a more complex understanding of the world around them. Science topics usually covered in fifth grade include the solar system; the universe; Earths atmosphere; healthy habits (proper nutrition and personal hygiene); atoms, molecules, and cells; matter; the Periodic Table; and taxonomy and the classification system. Social Studies In fifth grade, students continue their exploration of American history, studying events such as the War of 1812; the American Civil War; inventors and technological advances of the 19th century (such as Samuel B. Morse, the Wright Brothers, Thomas Edison, and Alexander Graham Bell); and basic economics (the law of supply and demand; the primary resources, industries, and products of the United States and other countries). Math A typical course of study for fifth-grade math  include dividing two- and three-digit whole numbers with and without remainders; multiplying and dividing fractions; mixed numbers; improper fractions; simplifying fractions; using equivalent fractions; formulas for area, perimeter, and volume; graphing; Roman numerals; and powers of ten. This typical course of study for elementary school is intended as a general guide. The introduction of topics and acquisition  of skills can vary widely based on the studentss maturity and ability level, a familys preferred homeschooling style, and the type of homeschool curriculum used.

A Analysis Of Family Structure And Dynamics Social Work Essay Essay Example

A Analysis Of Family Structure And Dynamics Social Work Essay Essay Example A Analysis Of Family Structure And Dynamics Social Work Essay Essay A Analysis Of Family Structure And Dynamics Social Work Essay Essay The construct of household individuality can be defined as a household s subjective apprehension of world based on shared beliefs and experiences that determine how single members interact and associate to each other and the universe outside the household ( Bennett, Wolin, McAvity, 1988 ) . Throughout my childhood my household had two individualities: a public individuality that was shaped by social outlooks and norms, and a private individuality that was governed by the alone demands and issues that plagued our household life. From a public position we were a traditional in-between category household complete with a married twosome, three kids, and two Canis familiariss. We lived in a modest but nice place in a suburban community, my sisters and I attended private schools, and we were financially unafraid. However, few people were cognizant of the struggle, pandemonium, and maltreatment that occurred behind closed doors within our place. Our private individuality, characterized by d ysfunctional behaviours and interactions that occurred between assorted members of the household, told a really different narrative. The construction or organisation of my household based on forms of interactions, subsystems, and boundaries is of import in understanding the kineticss within my household of beginning ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . The genogram, or household diagram, provided in the appendix illustrates a multigenerational position of construction and relationships within my drawn-out household ( Bowen, 1978 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . However, for the intent of this paper I will concentrate on the construction of my household of beginning. My household consists of my male parent, Gerald, my female parent, Alma, and three kids: Michelle, the eldest, Jennifer, the in-between kid, and myself the youngest kid. Our household construction was governed by familial functions, regulations, and outlooks ( Nichols, 2011 ) . My male parent held the function of fiscal supplier within the household. His duty was to guarantee that the household had fiscal security. My female parent maintained the function of health professional and leader. She was the materfamilias of the household and was charged with the undertaking of keeping every facet of the place and household. My oldest sister was the whipping boy and defender within the household. Family issues were frequently projected onto her coercing her to take duty and incrimination for household disfunction ( Shulman, 2006 ) . She besides held the function of defender within the sibling subsystem, and often shielded my in-between sister and I from danger and injury within and outside the place. My in-between sister was the quiet member and theoretical account kid of the household. She is inactive and seldom expressed sentiments sing household issues, and ever made an effort to fulfill familial outlooks and demands ( Shulman, 2006 ) . As the youngest kid, I played the function of gatekeeper within the household. My end as the gatekeeper was to utilize my humor and wit to assist the household return to a province of homeostasis by easing tensene ss and reconstructing composure and peace within the household ( Shulman, 2006 ) . My household was besides governed by a set of explicit and implicit regulations and outlooks ( Nichols, 2011 ) . Explicit regulations and outlooks consisted of good behaviour, high academic accomplishment, and the completion of assorted jobs and responsibilities within the family. Implicit regulations helped strengthen household secrets and included maintaining household issues private, and prohibiting household members to discourse or admit the disfunction within the household. Additionally, my household operated as a closed system with stiff boundaries restricting input from outside beginnings ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . We were non unfastened or welcoming to outside influences and support ; instead, we internalized familial issues and jobs. My female parent s mental unwellness complicated household kineticss and contributed to the pathology within the place. My female parent has Borderline Personality Disorder which made her a polarising presence within our place due to her frequent tantrums of fury and unstable mental wellness ( Nichols, 2011 ) . Therefore, the household s attending and energy was chiefly focused on my female parent and her demands ( Nichols, 2011 ) . My female parent would often displace her choler and fury onto my sisters and I in the signifier of physical and emotional maltreatment. Her behaviour affected relationships, boundaries, and fond regard forms within the household as illustrated in the household genogram. My female parent exhibited an anxious-ambivalent fond regard to my male parent due to her at hand fright of forsaking ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . She urgently desired my male parent s love and attending, but would act in ways that created struggle and pandemonium within the matrimo nial subsystem ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . As a consequence, my male parent developed an anxious-avoidant fond regard to my female parent, which resulted in him making a stiff boundary within the matrimonial subsystem in order to protect and distance himself from my female parent s choler and attendant feelings of helpless and defeat ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My parents were involved in a cyclical pursuer-distancer form of interaction that resulted in my male parent s detachment within the matrimonial subsystem ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . The kineticss, boundaries, and fond regards between the parental and kid subsystems were every bit complicated. The relationship between my female parent and my oldest sister was filled with struggle and tenseness. My female parent was exceptionally opprobrious to my oldest sister which resulted in the constitution of disorganised fond regard ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My oldest sister perceived my female parent as terrorization ; yet, she urgently desired nurturance from my female parent and fluctuated between distancing herself from my female parent and urgently seeking comfort and security ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My oldest sister and my female parent were psychologically and emotionally entwined or fused with one another despite old ages of maltreatment ( Bowen, 1978 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My in-between sister established an anxious-avoidant fond regard with my female parent ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . As a kid, my in-between sister seldom sought aid, counse l, or comfort from my female parent as a consequence of the maltreatment she endured and my female parent s inability to adequately turn to her demands for safety and comfort ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . I established an anxious-ambivalent fond regard to my female parent in which I urgently depended on her for emotional support and encouragement despite her maltreatment, but seldom received equal comfort and nurturance ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My sisters and I have an anxious-avoidant fond regard with my male parent as a consequence of his inability to systematically supply us with comfort and safety in response to my female parent s maltreatment ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . The household kineticss, nevertheless, strengthened the sibling subsystem. My sisters and I have a secure fond regard and are able to trust on each other for support, comfort, and nurturance in the face of hardship ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . Culture and ethnicity besides played an built-in function in my household individuality and kineticss. My parents are first coevals Mexicanos and were raised in households that emphasized traditional Mexican cultural values and beliefs including a strong committedness to household, regard, trust, and faith ( Rothman, Gant, Hnat, 1985 ) . However, my parents raised my sisters and I in a bi-cultural environment that incorporated assorted facets of American and Mexican civilization and traditions. My parents emphasized trust, regard, and committedness within the household, but they besides introduced American linguistic communication, nutrient, jubilations, and values including a focal point on individualism, privateness, and accomplishment ( Rothman et al. , 1985 ; Beane, 2011 ) . Additionally, contrary to traditional Mexican civilization, there was a stronger accent on immediate instead than extended household ( Rothman et al. , 1985 ) . Religion was besides an of import cultural face t of our lives. My household is Catholic and placed a strong accent on spiritual beliefs and rites such as praying before repasts and go toing church together every Sunday. Family Crisis/Transition In June of 1992 my household, as we knew it, changed everlastingly. My male parent left our place without any anterior notice or treatment and filed for divorce from my female parent. His abrupt and unforeseen going from our place left every household member fighting with feelings of daze, confusion, contempt, choler, and anxiousness. The initial stage of the divorce procedure is identified as the most nerve-racking clip for a household due to the alterations in household construction as a consequence of the absence of a parent, and subsequent force per unit areas and demands for household members to take on new functions and duties ( Cooper, McLanahan, Meadows, Brooks-Gunn, 2009 ; Kelly A ; Emery, 2003 ) . Additionally, households frequently experience important alterations in socioeconomic, societal, and wellness resources as the consequence of a divorce that frequently increases the degree of emphasis within a household and complicates the header and version procedure ( Cooper et al. , 2009, p. 559 ; Kelly A ; Emery, 2003 ) . Harmonizing to the ABC-X Model of Family Crisis, a household s ability to set and get by with passages and crises is based on the interaction of the undermentioned variables: A-the state of affairs or stressor event, B-available resources, C-the household s perceptual experience of the event, and X-the grade of emphasis or crisis experienced by a household ( McKenry A ; Price, 1994 ) . Let us now apply the ABC-X Model of Family Crisis to analyse my household s initial response to the nerve-racking passage of my parents divorce. The stressor confronting my household was the separation, and subsequent divorce, of my parents which left the household in a province of hurt and significantly altered our household individuality, construction, kineticss, and operation. My male parent s absence resulted in important fiscal adversity for the household, which forced my female parent to come in the work force and take on the new and unfamiliar function of fiscal supplier. The duty and demands of this new function affected my female parent s ability to keep her health professional function within the household. As a consequence, my sisters and I had to take on many of her duties within the place. Initially, my oldest sister took on the function of health professional in my female parent s absence. However, my oldest sister left for college shortly after my male parent s going which resulted in important alterations to the sibling subsystem and farther complicated our household s ability to accommodate and get by. My in- between sister was forced to abandon her usual function as the quiet member, and presume the function of defender and health professional. This new function placed a great trade of force per unit area on my in-between sister and changed the moral force within the new sibling couple by increasing tenseness. Additionally, I was no longer able to successfully ease household tenseness and pandemonium as the gatekeeper, and assumed the new function of assisting my in-between sister maintain the family. The divorce besides affected household fond regard demands, boundaries, and relationships. After the divorce, my male parent was physically and emotionally cut-off from my female parent and the remainder of the household ( Bowen, 1978 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My sisters and I had no contact with my male parent for a twelvemonth following the divorce, which created a stiff boundary between him and the kid subsystem and contributed to our inability to accommodate our heartache and heal ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . Additionally, boundaries between the parental and kid subsystems, and within the sibling subsystem, became more diffuse as a consequence of the new functions and duties of each household member ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . The alterations in household construction forced my in-between sister to take on more of a parental function within the sibling subsystem. Additionally, my female parent was unable to pass as much clip within the place due to the demands of her n ew function as fiscal supplier, which created a distance and detachment between the parent and kid subsystems ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My female parent s relationship with my oldest sister was every bit affected as a consequence of the passage. After she left place, my oldest sister was able to emotionally divide or cut-off my female parent and the pandemonium within the place ( Bowen, 1978 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . However, my oldest sister continued to supply emotional support within the sibling subsystem. My female parent s mental unwellness complicated her ability to get by with the passage and adequately turn to the attachment demands of my sisters and I ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . Despite the complicated and helter-skelter relationship we each had with my female parent we urgently needed and wanted her comfort, counsel, and nurturance in response to the hurting, confusion, and anguish we were experiencing. However, my female parent s ain emotional instability rendered her unable to adequately turn to our demands for fond regard. My female parent was preoccupied with her ain demands for emotional comfort and responded in a cold and rejecting mode to our demand for comfort and security. Rather, my in-between sister and I were forced to supply comfort and consolation to my female parent and set our ain demands aside. This function reversal further complicated the interactions and boundaries between the parent and kid subsystems. Culture besides influenced my household s perceptual experience of the divorce and ability to get by with the passage. The disintegration of a matrimony and household is non good accepted within the Mexican civilization due to the strong accent on household connexion and committedness. In fact, households that experience divorce are frequently shamed and ostracized by drawn-out household as was the instance in our household system. My maternal grandparents expressed contempt and letdown in my female parent s inability to salve her matrimony and household, which created more tenseness within our household. Additionally, divorce was uncommon within our suburban community. We were the first household in our community to see a divorce and this contributed to my household s feelings of embarrassment and shame. The divorce besides altered our household s public individuality of the ideal in-between category household, and revealed some of the struggle and pandemonium within our place. Our household individuality now reflected matrimonial strife and a broken place. Our spiritual beliefs besides complicated our ability to accommodate after the divorce. Divorce is non supported or condoned within Catholicism which increased our feelings of embarrassment and shame in the Catholic community. My household had limited entree to resources following the divorce. As antecedently mentioned, our household operated as a closed system which complicated our ability to achieve equal fiscal, societal, and emotional support and aid from external systems ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . Our socioeconomic position, fiscal resources, and criterion of life were significantly minimized. We transitioned from being a financially unafraid in-between category household to populating below the poorness line in a affair of months. Our entree to societal support was besides limited as a consequence of the stiff boundaries dividing my household from external systems of support such as household friends and mental wellness professionals ( Minuchin, 1974 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . Rather, each member of the household sought single resources within and outside the household to assist relieve emotional hurt and achieve support. For illustration, my sisters and I sought support from external systems incl uding friends and instructors ( Nichols, 2011 ) . We besides relied on the unafraid fond regard we had with each other for emotional support and counsel ( Bowlby, 1988 ; Nichols, 2011 ) . My female parent sought emotional support from extended household, the kid subsystem, and her new colleagues. My parents divorce was an unexpected event that significantly increased the degree of emphasis within my household and contributed to alterations in household individuality, construction, functions, relationships, and resources. My household s opposition to seek and accept external resources and back up farther complicated our ability as a system to retrieve from our loss and adaptively header with the passage. Cultural influences besides contributed to a negative assessment of the state of affairs. My household s negative perceptual experience of the divorce resulted in feelings of hopelessness and desperation instead than an accent on problem-solving and growing ( McKenry A ; Price, 1994 ) . This negative perceptual experience significantly inhibited our ability to adaptively get by with the passage and associated stressors. My household was able to readapt construction and functions, but lacked coherence and stableness. The apogee of the event, the deficiency of sufficient resou rces, and the negative perceptual experience of the passage resulted in my household s assessment of the event as a crisis that disrupted equilibrium, increased force per unit area and emphasis within the household system, and negatively affected household operation ( McKenry A ; Price, 1994 ) . meotite sed the degree of emphasis within my household and contributed to the

People go to work for money (critical assessment) Essay

People go to work for money (critical assessment) - Essay Example At the same time, a number of theories in management have seen a different level of job satisfaction that leads to increased productivity. In some people, money plays a great role in ensuring that they work while in some it does not. For instance, as Maslow suggested in his hierarchy of needs model, an individual has to meet their most basic needs to be motivated and work even harder at the workplace. In the lowest level, one needs to meet some of the biological needs that include shelter and food among others. Without this basic need, one is likely not to perform better in the workplace. However, if they are paid to work so that they can meet some of their needs, they are likely to work even harder to enhance their reputation and even earn more. Which affirms the fact that some people got to work for money. In the United Kingdom, there has been a steadily increasing index of people living in poverty. By the year 2013, there were about 10.6 million people living in poverty which has increased from 9.7 million as of 2012 (Croucher, 2014). In fact, a high crime and poverty among people in Seacroft in Leeds has led to increased crimes that at last led to the vacation of residents of the council houses. Lack of employment has been among the highest causes of poverty in the kingdom, which then makes it clear that most people got work to meet their basic needs for the little cash that they make at their places of work. However, majority of others, who have already achieved most of the basic needs, got work for the fact that they love what they are doing and due to the success, they are experiencing in their different disciplines. Northouse, (2012) from his article, confirms that a number of people would get to work even if they were paid or not. For instance, people in the Soviet Union, were able to go to work early for several months even

Property law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Property law - Essay Example This may require a fee payment to prove the ability. The requirements inform the authority on the types of activities they should do and give them an opportunity to come up with conditions and the limitations. The licensing process is one of the richest retail markets in the world ( Lewicki, Saunders, Minton , & Barry, 2003). However, having a license is not an instant success. It will need good marketing and selling to succeed. It is a cost effective tool for marketing when it is well used. Licensing has three main advantages. First, it means that you have a unique thing, which your competitors do not have. Secondly, it means that you are getting a little better advantage because it is different from the rest. Thirdly, it means that you have something different that you can easily sell to the retailers. Licensing is important to both the licensor and the licensee, to the licensor for example a company that does not want to be involved in the manufacture of some products it can licen se out to any of its partners but retaining its ownership but only get some economic benefit from the royalty income. Licensing out can also help a company expand its operation to other new markets and commercialize its business. It may also be used to get an access to new markets that are not accessible. The licensee may make translation of instruction and labels required to enter a foreign market and to modify the goods to conform to local regulations and rules and the expansion of marketing. To the licensee it makes one reach the market faster, and supply new products with then access of the license and improve its services and marketing after getting a marketing opportunity. Licensing of properties is categorized into; technology licenses, trademark and merchandise licenses and publish and entertainment licenses. Licensing mainly involves trade secrets and patents. The sharia or Islamic law has several sources like the Quran, the Sunna and others. The aspect of property licensin g and protection of property is considered on three aspects: property, contract, and public interest. To establish a law one should be able to point at a verse in the Quran, a tradition or Hadith of the prophet Muhammad. The license under property law Property rights are intangible; they cannot be seen or touched. Due diligence is required before starting on any kind of licensing transaction or agreement. One has to gather enough information on the licensor, the market the market being developed and the legal business environment. Property licensing is therefore the permission given to the licensee by the licensor. It is mainly categorized to patents, trademarks, and copyrights. Property licensing is created by statute; they are created by legislation, which gives the limits and scope of protection of the property. They may vary according to territory for example a patent in U.S.A is enforceable and valid only in the U.S. or it can also be international for example a copyright in a book which is authored in a particular country say England is valid in all Common Wealth countries. The main two categories of property license are hard property rights, which include patents, trademarks and copyrights while the soft property rights include trade secrets, confidential information and know how. A patent is an agreement to license or give a right to a licensee like a manufacturer to sell and use the invention that he has claimed in that patent, and to